Influence of dental erosion on shear bond strength of ceramic brackets bonded with two different adhesive systems: an in vitro study

This study aimed to analyze the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic orthodontic brackets bonded with two different adhesive systems to intact and eroded teeth. Ceramic brackets were bonded to 72 bovine central incisors divided into four groups, defined by two study factors: enamel condition (control group, kept in artificial saliva; and experimental group, eroded by using immersion cycles in Coke™ for 90 seconds, every six hours for five days), and adhesive system type (Transbond™ XT or Transbond™ Plus Color Change). Polycrystalline ceramic brackets were adhesively fixed on all specimens using the same light curing protocol. SBS was tested using 0.5 mm/min and the failure mode was classified. SBS data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc pairwise comparison (α=0.05). Percentages of ARI scores between the groups were compared by Fisher's exact test. Spearman's correlation coefficient was applied to investigate the correlation between ARI scores and SBS values. Only the adhesive system factor had significant effect on SBS (p=0.014), Transbond™ Plus Color Change showing higher values. No significance was found for enamel condition (p=0.665) or the interaction between adhesive system and enamel condition (p=0.055). ARI scores frequencies differed between groups (p<0.001). The median ARI scores were statistically different for most comparisons among the groups. However, no significant correlation was found between ARI scores and SBS. In conclusion, the type of adhesive system affected the SBS of ceramic brackets to dental enamel, but the enamel condition, intact or eroded, had no significant effect. There was no correlation between ARI scores and SBS values, although eroded enamel tended to retain more adhesive after bracket removal.

Self-perceived quality of health and satisfaction by elderly seen by the Family Health Strategy team / Autopercepção da qualidade de saúde e satisfação de idosos acompanhados por equipe Estratégia Saúde da Família

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the profile of elderly followed up by Family Health Strategy teams and the influence of self-reported chronic diseases on demographic variables, describing self-perception and satisfaction with quality of health. Methods: This is a cross-sectional population- based study carried out with 301 elderly residents in two areas of a city in southern Brazil. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on the Health, Well-Being, and Aging Study adapted by researchers, and a playful scale to assess satisfaction with health. For the statistical analysis, the χ2 test was used (p<0.05). Results: Regarding cognitive assessment, the majority was classified as independent (86.4%), not requiring caregiver assistance to answer the questionnaire. The population was predominantly female (55.8%), White (64.8%), married (51.2%), and catholic (82.1%). A total of 47.5% considered their current health status as regular. Regarding satisfaction with health, 72.4% were happy, even reporting having at least one chronic health problem (58.5%). Conclusion: The presence of chronic diseases was reported by most respondents, and the practice of self-medication is significantly more frequent among the aged. Nevertheless, the degree of satisfaction with their health status was predominantly positive, both related to the previous year and compared to others of the same age.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar o perfil de idosos acompanhados por equipes Estratégia Saúde da Família e a influência de doenças crônicas autorreferidas nas variáveis sociodemográficas, descrevendo a autopercepção e a satisfação com a qualidade de sua saúde. Métodos: Pesquisa transversal, de base populacional, realizada com 301 idosos residentes em duas áreas de um município do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por um questionário baseado no questionário do estudo Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento, adaptado pelos pesquisadores, e um escala lúdica, para avaliar a satisfação com a saúde. Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste χ2 (p<0,05). Resultados: Com relação à avaliação cognitiva, a maioria da população foi classificada como independente (86,4%), não necessitando de auxílio de cuidador para responder o questionário. A população foi predominantemente feminina (55,8%), branca (64,8%), casada (51,2%) e católica (82,1%). Ainda, 47,5% consideraram seu estado de saúde atual como regular. Com relação à satisfação com a saúde, 72,4% sentiam-se felizes, mesmo tendo relatado possuir, no mínimo, um problema de saúde crônico (58,5%). Conclusão: A presença de doenças crônicas foi relatada pela maioria dos entrevistados, com a prática de automedicação significativamente mais frequente nestes idosos. Apesar disto, o grau de satisfação com suas condições de saúde foi referido de forma predominantemente positiva, tanto em relação ao ano anterior quanto quando comparado a outras pessoas da mesma idade.

Self-perceived quality of health and satisfaction by elderly seen by the Family Health Strategy team.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the profile of elderly followed up by Family Health Strategy teams and the influence of self-reported chronic diseases on demographic variables, describing self-perception and satisfaction with quality of health. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional population- based study carried out with 301 elderly residents in two areas of a city in southern Brazil. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on the Health, Well-Being, and Aging Study adapted by researchers, and a playful scale to assess satisfaction with health. For the statistical analysis, the χ2 test was used (p<0.05). RESULTS: Regarding cognitive assessment, the majority was classified as independent (86.4%), not requiring caregiver assistance to answer the questionnaire. The population was predominantly female (55.8%), White (64.8%), married (51.2%), and catholic (82.1%). A total of 47.5% considered their current health status as regular. Regarding satisfaction with health, 72.4% were happy, even reporting having at least one chronic health problem (58.5%). CONCLUSION: The presence of chronic diseases was reported by most respondents, and the practice of self-medication is significantly more frequent among the aged. Nevertheless, the degree of satisfaction with their health status was predominantly positive, both related to the previous year and compared to others of the same age.

Código de ética odontológico brasileiro / Brazilian Dentistry code of ethics

O Código de Ética Odontológica (CEO), desde a sua instituição pelo Conselho Federal de Odontologia em 1976, vem sofrendo modificações (1984, 1991, 2003, 2006, 2012). É uma construção da categoria profissional odontológica que busca orientar a conduta dos cirurgiões dentistas no que diz respeito aos aspectos éticos de sua prática profissional. Na prática odontológica são frequentes as atitudes que demonstram desrespeito aos princípios bioéticos. Apesar de já na primeira versão do CEO o paciente ser referido como ôa razão e o objetivo de toda a ciência odontológicaõ, a leitura do código atual leva à conclusão oposta. O CEO configura-se como um instrumento de proteção dos profissionais, criado por estes para estes, com uma postura muito mais corporativista do que se deseja admitir. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse trabalho é fazer, através de uma revisão de literatura, uma análise do Código de Ética Odontológico Brasileiro por meio de diferentes visões. Concluiu-se que o CEO é limitado ao resolver problemas éticos novos e complexos. Deste modo, são necessários estudos periódicos tendentes a atualizar os textos normativos e este deve ser de conhecimento obrigatório do profissional, não podendo, em momento algum, alegar ignorância ou má compreensão dos preceitos estabelecidos.

The Dentistry Code of Ethics (DCE), since its establishment by the Federal Council of Dentistry, in 1976, has undergone modifications (1984, 1991, 2003, 2006). This regulation seeks to guide the conduct of dentists with regard to ethical aspects of their professional practice. In dental practice, there are frequent actions that show disrespect to bioethical principles. Although already in the first version of the DCE the patient was referred to as ôthe reason and goal of all dental science,õ reading the current code may take to the opposite conclusion. The DCE was developed by dentists for their own protection, and therefore it has a more corporative aspect than one wants to admit. This paper was dedicated to analyze the Brazilian Dental Code of Ethics through different views, throughout literature review. It was concluded that the DCE is limited to solve new and complex ethical issues, thus studies are needed to ensure the regular update of legal texts. This set of principles must be known by any professional, since they canÆt plea ignorance or miss understanding of the established precepts at any circumstances.

Avaliação do conhecimento de Cirurgiões-Dentistas e acadêmicos de Odontologia na cidade de Aracaju, Sergipe, a respeito da adequada prescrição de antimicrobianos / Knowledge assessment of dentistry undergraduate students and dentists in the city of Aracaju/ Sergipe regarding the appropriate use of antimicrobial drugs

Introdução: Os antimicrobianos são caracterizados como um dos mais notáveis exemplos do avanço da Medicina moderna. Contudo, a adaptabilidade dos microrganismos propicia resistência a determinados antimicrobianos. Objetivo: Apresentar, por meio de pesquisa realizada com alunos do curso de Odontologia e Cirurgiões-Dentistas na cidade de Aracaju-SE, um perfil do conhecimento destes sobre antibioticoterapia, propondo oferecer uma oportunidade de identificar e reconhecer os riscos relacionados à administração incorreta destes fármacos. Material e Método: Investigação observacional, transversal, com base em um questionário respondido por 80 alunos do curso de Odontologia e 50 Cirurgiões-Dentistas, escolhidos de forma aleatória, para verificar o conhecimento sobre o tema proposto. Resultado: Dentre os entrevistados, aproximadamente 40% eram profissionais e 60% acadêmicos de Odontologia; destes, cerca de 40% relataram que prescrevem utilizando como critério de seleção que o antimicrobiano seja seletivo e bactericida, enquanto que 90% dos entrevistados afirmam prescrever antibiótico somente quando necessário, como forma de evitar a resistência bacteriana. Conclusão: De acordo com a metodologia empregada, pode-se concluir que os dois grupos mostraram desconhecimento sobre a diferença entre antibioticoterapia, profilaxia antimicrobiana e terapêutica medicamentosa. .

Introduction: Antimicrobial agents are a striking example of the evolution of modern medicine. However the adaptability of microorganisms provides resistance to certain antimicrobial drugs. Objective: To assess the knowledge of dentistry undergraduate students and dentists in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe State, about antibiotic therapy, thus providing an opportunity to identify and recognize the risks related to improper administration of these drugs. Material and Method: This is an observational, cross sectional study based on a questionnaire given to 80 undergraduate students of dentistry and 50 dentists, ramdomly chosen, to assess the knowledge on the matter. Result: Among the interviewees, about 40% were dentists and 60% were dentistry students, 40% of respondents reported to prescribe antimicrobials using as selection criteria that it be selective and bactericidal, and 90% of respondents said they prescribe antibiotics only when necessary, in order to avoid bacterial resistance. Conclusion: According to the methodology applied it can be concluded that both groups showed lack of knowledge about the difference between antibiotic therapy, antimicrobial prophylaxis and drug therapy. .

Comparative study of tramadol combined with dexamethasone and diclofenac sodium in third-molar surgery.

The aim of this randomized, double-blind clinical trial was to investigate the effect of preemptive analgesia with a combination of tramadol+dexamethasone or tramadol+diclofenac sodium. The study included 30 patients (age range: 16-30 years), who were randomly assigned to 2 groups by the split-mouth method. Postoperative pain was assessed with a visual analogue scale at 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively (p.o.h.). Swelling was measured at 48 p.o.h. Maximal interincisor distance was measured at 48 p.o.h. and 7 postoperative days (p.o.d.). Significant differences in postoperative pain intensity were detected between the drug combinations at 4, 6, and 12p.o.h., suggesting the importance of preemptive analgesia. Patients treated with tramadol+dexamethasone showed lower pain scores compared to the tramadol+diclofenac sodium combination, larger postoperative mouth opening, and less swelling. The tramadol+dexamethasone combination also was more effective than tramadol+diclofenac sodium at reducing inflammation.